The ISS is a large spacecraft orbiting Earth, built by collaboration of NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, and CSA. It serves as a space laboratory where astronauts live and conduct experiments in microgravity. It demonstrat...
Satellites are objects that orbit a planet. Natural satellites: e.g., Moon. Artificial satellites: man-made, used for communication, weather forecasting, GPS, and scientific researc...
The Big Bang Theory explains the origin of the universe. It states that about 13.8 billion years ago, the universe began from a tiny, extremely hot and dense point. It rapidly expanded and is still expanding toda...
The Milky Way is our galaxy, a massive collection of stars, planets, gas, and dust held together by gravity. It contains billions of stars, including our Sun. It appears as a glowing band across the night sky. The Mil...
A star is born from a cloud of gas and dust (nebula). Gravity pulls the gases together, forming a protostar. When temperature becomes high, nuclear fusion begins, and the star shines. After millions to billions of yea...
Constellations are groups of stars that appear to form recognizable patterns in the night sky. They help in navigation and timekeeping. Examples include Orion (the Hunter), Ursa Major (the Big Dipper), and Cassiopeia...
A star is a huge ball of hot gases, mainly hydrogen and helium, undergoing nuclear fusion and producing its own light and heat. Planets, however, do not produce light; they only reflect light from stars. For example,...
The Sun provides light and heat essential for life. Plants use sunlight in photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain. Solar energy drives weather, winds, rainfall, and ocean currents. Fossil fuels are also an...
Earth’s atmosphere acts as a shield. The ozone layer absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun. The magnetosphere deflects solar wind and charged particles. Without this protection, life on Earth would b...
Solar Eclipse: Occurs when the Moon comes between Earth and the Sun, blocking sunlight partially or completely. Lunar Eclipse: Occurs when Earth comes between the Sun and Moon, and Eart...
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