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Reflection is the bouncing back of light when it hits a smooth surface. Instead of passing through or being absorbed, the light rays change direction and return from the surface. When light bounces off a surface, it i...
Light travels in straight lines Light moves along a straight path unless it hits an object or passes through different materials.Light travels very fast The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 300,000 kilomete...
An electric circuit is a closed loop or path that allows electric current to flow through it. It connects electrical components like a power source (battery), wires, and a device (like a bulb) so electricity can move...
A distance-time graph is a visual representation that shows how the distance of an object changes over time.What it shows:· The horizontal axis (x-axis) represents time.· The vertical axis (y-axis) r...
Pollination:Pollination is the process by which pollen grains from the male part of a flower (the anther) are transferred to the female part (the stigma) of the same or another flower. This is the first step in the re...
Fish:· Fish breathe using gills, which are specialized organs.· Gills extract dissolved oxygen from water.· Water enters through the fish’s mouth, passes over the gills, and oxygen diffuses...
Respiration is the process of breaking down food to release energy. Aerobic Respiration:· Requires oxygen.· Produces a large amount of energy.· Example: Humans, animals, plants. Anaerobic...
Soil erosion is the removal of the topsoil layer by natural forces such as:· Water: Heavy rainfall or flowing rivers can wash away soil (called water erosion).· Wind: Strong winds can blow loose soil p...
Cyclones are powerful storms with strong winds and heavy rains that can cause damage and flooding. Here are ways to protect ourselves before, during, and after a cyclone: Before a Cyclone:1. Stay Informed: Keep tr...
Animals that live in cold climates have special adaptations that help them survive harsh weather and freezing temperatures.Key adaptations include:1. Thick Fur or Feathers: Animals like polar bears and arctic foxes...
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