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The
process of taking out minerals from rocks buried under the earth’s surface is
called mining. Mining can be classified into Open-cast mining and shaft mining.
Open-cast mining, refers to a method of
extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or
borrow. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful minerals
or rock are found near the surface.
Shaft mining refers to the method of sinking a
vertical or near-vertical tunnel from the top down, where there is initially no
access to the bottom. The shafts have to be made to reach mineral deposits that
lie at great depths.
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