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a.
a horse cannot pull a cart and run in empty space,
Ans: In order to pull a cart, a horse pushes the ground backward with
some force. The ground in turn exerts an equal and opposite reaction force upon
the feet of the horse.
This
reaction force causes the horse to move forward. An empty space is devoid of
any such reaction force.
Hence, a horse cannot pull
a cart and run in empty space.
b.
passengers are thrown forward from their seats when a speeding bus
stops suddenly,
Ans: If a speeding bus stops suddenly, the lower portion of a
passenger’s body, which is in contact with the seat, suddenly comes to rest.
However, the upper portion tends to remain in motion (as per the first law of
motion).
So, the passenger’s upper
body is thrown forward in the direction in which the bus was moving.
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